Privacy of Electronic Medical Records

A service related health care organization with staff to patient ration of 1:100 can be described as acutely understaffed. This is a scenario where nurses and doctors are allocated more patients than they can handle efficiently. It puts patients at a danger of getting worse medically or even dying.This is a situation where drug errors, diagnosis and other medical errors are likely to occur. Due to nurse attrition they may record wrong findings and measurements because of pressure to accomplish certain goals within limited time. In most cases understaffed organizations suffer lack of technological input where it is manifested by use of outdated methods of.In a case where a hospital is understaffed, communication among doctors and other staff in such a hospital is poor thus leading to problems that have a ripple effect nature in the running of the institution. Administrative functions are hampered because most of the duties have to be executed manually.The quality of health care is ver y poor because every patient is not given the proper personal attention that they require because other patients will be waiting for the physician that is attending to him or her. Lack of accuracy in writing medical records is commonplace for such an institution because writing the information manually can make someone feel worn out at some point and result in erratic writing.Another cause for errors is the fact that some of the prescriptions or diagnoses are done in illegible handwriting giving a hard time to those who are supposed to act on them.Patients’ mortality and morbidity rate is therefore high as a result. Due to the large number of patients that have to be attended to by one nurse, a problem of retrieval of medical information of the patients becomes a hectic task because files have to be searched manually.This puts patients who need urgent treatment at a risk because time may be lost in trying to allocate their personal information which normally has their medical history and forms the basis on which the physicians act. In addition to this the files may be dilapidated because of wear and tear making the information blurred and illegible, and some of the materials could also get misplaced and scattered all over. All these problems summed up, lead to poor co-ordination in the hospital as well as inefficiencies in the administration.Information technology is indispensable in any health organization because according to Jack Duncan it facilitates health care that is of high quality and is cost effective.Through Electronic Medical Records, Once a patient visits the hospital they give their personal information and on diagnosis of their ailment, findings are recorded against the information as well as other details like prescriptions and orders to other health institutions. This technology ensures accuracy, precision and completeness. It is the same development that enables the creation of reminders and alerts for practitioners to administer drugs to patients thereby saving lives.Electronic Medical records are advantageous in that with consent from patients, other health providers have access to their medical records. The advantage of having such a situation is that a patient is attended to in time since less time is used in finding out his or her medical history regardless of which health institution he or she has attended. Some patients call in hospital too sick to talk or are even subconscious but once some basic information is known about them like their identification, the physician goes right ahead with treatment without having to interview them.Electronic medical records are kept by health organizations for reference and must be kept securely. It is a statutory requirement under state and federal laws for every health organization to keep them protected from access by unauthorized people (Barrows, Randolph and Clayton, Paul. 1996).The security is for the protection of patients from victimization by employers because o f certain health conditions or by their insurers. Disclosure of patients’ confidential information is capable of jeopardizing the integrity of the organization involved on account of defamation, medical malpractice and subjection of patients to emotional distress (Bennett, Bob. 1995).A health care organization therefore has the legal obligation to provide security for any confidential medical information. Physicians are also not allowed to have access to a patient’s medical record without their consent. Electronic technology enhances efficiency in the storage of medical records as well as accessibility.

Buddhist, Confucian, and Taoist Views on Benevolence Essay

Benevolence can be defined as the moral inclination to be kind and compassionate. If people could control their malicious behaviors and focus on participating in acts that are solely beneficial to humanity, the earth would be much more prosperous. Being kind to others gives us a feeling of contentment that is otherwise unattainable. Receiving compassion and kindness provides us with a sense of gratitude and wellness that many cannot help but share with others. No one enjoys being the subject of someone else’s ill will. This is why moral codes such as (but not limited to) Buddhism, Confucianism/Taoism have emerged. If everyone followed any one of the previously stated practices, it would be much easier for humans to grow and develop as a whole because there would be fewer causes of our discontentment. The Buddhists’ ultimate goal is to end suffering by achieving enlightenment, or nirvana (Kessler, pg. 186). Benevolence is indefinitely required to reach this state. Enlightenment can only be obtained by recognizing the Four Noble Truths. This basically states that life is suffering, which is the result of bad karma caused by malevolent actions that are driven by natural human desires. The end of desire will inevitably be the end of suffering. The only way to end suffering is by following in the footsteps of Siddhartha Gautama’s enlightenment (Kessler, pg. 166). This method of bringing an end to suffering is otherwise known as the Eightfold Path, or the Way of the Buddha. In order to obtain the same enlightenment, Buddhists are required to uphold a strict set of rules regarding the way to behave as a beneficial member of society, including â€Å"right view, right thought, right speech, right conduct, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness, and right meditati on.† (Kessler, pg. 224). The most devout Buddhist possesses immense self-control and discipline in attempt to live the purest, least harmful existence possible. A good example of the ideal Buddhist is the bodhisattva. Bodhisattvas have reached the ultimate level of moral purity, kindness, and compassion toward the world and therefore live to relieve people from suffering (Kessler, pg. 170). Concerning overall kindness and compassion, the fate and preservation of the entire world should be taken into account before performing any act. No living being should ever be harmed or killed. One should never steal from another, but may receive gifts openly. Buddhists should be chaste, truthful, and fair. They are required to keep peace among people if necessary. A devout Buddhist would never speak to someone in a discourteous manner, including sharing erroneous information (Kessler, pg. 185). This moral code practiced by Bodhisattvas is directly concerned with the wellbeing of the world through good deeds, which leads to the end of eternal suffering, according to the previously stated teachings of the Buddha. Another influential teacher of morality and obtaining widespread human prosperity is Confucianism. The Way, or Tao, is the Confucian concept of human nature. The Mandate of Heaven is dictated by the fact that humans, by nature, want to obtain balance and harmony in the world, which is possible beginning with harmony within the self. Harmony within one’s self leads to harmony among other people, which results in the harmony of natural phenomenon, and thus the world is harmonious. This requires that all human emotional conditions be in balance. Although the notion is truly inconceivable, this can be most closely described as the Confucian concept of heaven. People must be understanding and compassionate towards one another, and make sacrifices for the greater good. When this is achieved, human flourishing is then possible. People are either intelligent enough to possess the sincerity of the way, or they can be instructed to do so. Humans are all capable of making a contribution toward achieving the order of the Way, which results in spiritual salvation (Kessler, pg. 242-243). The most important way this goal is to be achieved by the followers of Confucian teachings is through sacrifice. An honorable person intends to sacrifice in order to spread good will to the earth. This helps emphasize the responsibilities all humans have to maintain peace and harmony in the world for the well being of everyone (Kessler, pg. 240). Humans are born into different ranks, which must be taken into consideration, but the overall goal of Confucian teaching is to uphold the moral obligation of goodness. Elders and authority figures are to be respected in accordance to the Confucian way. For example, a child is respectful to a parent because both are needed to maintain balance in the family. This plays a crucial role in the functionality of the family unit. The same notion can be applied to the citizen and his governing body. The citizen is obedient to the government because defiant behavior would lead to chaos (Kessler, pg. 242). The Buddhist and Confucian doctrines are similar in many ways. The ultimate goal of both sets of teachings is the same: human benevolence leads to moral salvation and the well being of humanity. Renunciation plays a major role in the overall intention of both parties. The crucial difference between the two is the source of the regarded texts. Confucians’ fate is subject to the government no matter what. They pay respect to all people, but understand the necessity to respect the upper class because they play a major part in the well being of the whole. The elders and authority figures â€Å"take care† of the younger or less fortunate. Buddhists focus more on solitude and undergoing suffering for the greater good. They go as far as to give up normal eating habits as to refrain from any selfish behavior that may lead to bad karma. Confucians also undergo suffering, but do not give up basic human desires for the benefit of others. They are undeniably considerate. Any feeling that one would not enjoy feeling would never be bestowed upon someone else. No form of extreme asceticism required of Confucians as it is sometimes in Buddhism. Rather, Confucian success is more important to human flourishing. Although true, both moral concepts have the same intended outcome of benevolence toward everyone. Works Cited Kessler, Gary E. Ways of Being Religious. Mountain View, CA: Mayfield Pub., 2000. 166+. Print.

I don't have one Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

I don't have one - Research Paper Example For instance, in the manuscript, the narrator (a depressed woman) seems to be suffering from a certain mental disorder. However, it is evident that her position regarding her own health is overlooked. Therefore, in this view, this document will look into Gilman’s short story, and thereby analyze the role of women in the earlier part of the 1800. Most societies, including the developed nations had a negative attitude towards women. This is evidently supported by Gilman’s work. In the 1800, women did not have any rights to express their ideas even in matters regarding their health (physical, as well as psychological). As a result, decision-making process was a preserve of the men, who the women considered superior. In fact, the society expected women to be exceptionally submissive to their husbands, and be an assistant to their husbands instead of complaining about ‘trivial matters’. This is ironical, since the challenges facing the women are not trivial and constitute to their daily sufferings. Moreover, the society overlooks women sufferings as mere pretences. Moreover, Gilman emphasizes that men had the sole responsibility of determining the degree of women sufferings, and thereby determine whether it required attention or not. For instance, the narrator, (the woman) is suffering from an extremely serious nervous disorder. However, the husband ignores this and even claims that she is not sick. Moreover, the society supports this, since it is evident that they (family and associates) also believe in the husband’s perspective concerning the narrator’s health. Besides, despite their predicaments, women are not supposed to complain. Besides, women might have better ideas that might improve the health. Gilman depicts the narrator as having better ways to boost her health. She even claims to disagree with their idea of forbidding her to work, since this might boost her health. However, she cannot put

Women Community Organizers often Engage Popular Struggles on More Than Research Paper - 1

Women Community Organizers often Engage Popular Struggles on More Than One Front - Research Paper Example Communities to not form by themselves, but they are organized so that a strong relationship is built among the participants. This process of building a community and sustaining it throughout the period is called ‘community organizing’ and the process involves not only building a network of individuals, but also the identification of goals and action towards those specific goals. According to Snow, et al (1986), the process of community organization can mean the entire process of organizing individuals, sorting out the relationships, identification of goals and paths, mobilization of individuals and maintenance of a strong network. Until sometime back, community organizing was not a very popular subject with the scholars (Davis, 1981). Therefore, very little is known about the origin of the theories of community management and whether, the theories of social movements can be applied to the way in which community organization works (Stoecker, 1993). To this caveat of liter ature of social movements and community organization, there is also the lack of awareness of what roles that gender discourses play in these communities. Only in the past decades, gender has received a high consideration (Robnett l996), Gender, which can be considered to be a social product of any interaction is also redefined and reconstructed through any social movement or community organization. With any community organization or social movement, the differences and inequalities in terms of gender equations come out more strongly. According to Brandwein (1987), gender has an effect on the way in which problems are identified and choices are made. For example, in a community or social movement, the responsibilities that individuals have outside of the movement are not taken into account (Stoecker, 1992) and when it is taken into account, the way in which women are involved gets restricted. In the New York Tenants movement, the role of women was confined to the most basic of activi ties, where as men were involved in complex issues. (Lawson and Barton, 1980). Therefore, the community organization work contributed by women during social movement gets ignored. Robnett (1996) has challenged the narrations and accounts of movements that have ignores and neglected the role of women activists. Barnett (1993) has challenged the research related to social movement and community management that projects the spokesperson of the movement while ignore the workers who work at grass root, who are often women. Therefore, even though there is a very high involvement of women organizers in the field of community organization, the image and projection always comes out to be that of a male dominated effort. Even though these movements talk about democracy in participation, the actual way in which these movements are projected and carried out do not practice this democracy in terms of gender equations. According to Weil (1986), the strategies get influenced on ‘macho powerà ¢â‚¬â„¢ and zero-sum competitiveness. As a result of this approach, the challenges that women face in participation in these movements is not confined to the direct engagement in these movements and they face challenges at multiple levels. Apart from contributing to these movements, there is lack of visibility, pressure to take up more grass root level or administrative challenges, making sure that other responsibilities such as child care and home management happens smoothly. This study takes a detailed look at the way in which women community organizers engage in popular struggles in more than one front. For any woman who participates in these community organiz

A monkey's uncle Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

A monkey's uncle - Essay Example John Scopes a school teacher from Tennessee was indicted in violation of law by teaching a evolution theory in the public school. The case promised to be an unprecedented show due to the controversial topic and number of eminent participants. Local town leaders could not but use the publicity in order to help their small town. Jennings Bryan considering the evolution theory improbable worried about the erosion of the young people’s moral health. According to his logic the evolution theory and the low percentage of the believers among youth presented a real threat to the future of the society. Having received the strong support from the worried parents he decided to fight teaching Darwinism at schools. In early 1925 his political campaign resulted in a legislative changes, known as the Butler Act which prohibited the denial of the Biblical account of man’s origin and teaching of the evolution theory in the public schools of Tennessee.1 So it was no surprise when Bryan re ceived a request to join the prosecution team in the Dayton trial on behalf of the World’s Christian Fundamentals Association and local prosecutor Sue Hicks (Linder, â€Å"William Jennings Bryan†). In contrast Clarence Darrow, as a modernist, had opposite views on the religion vs. science issue. He was convinced that religious fundamentalism threatened the entire system of public education by doubting the skepticism of inquiry that moved the progress (Linder, â€Å"Clarence Darrow†). When Darrow found out that Bryans was going to lead the prosecution team, he decided to volunteer to challenge Bryan’s program and him personally. In spite of the reluctant attitude of the American Civil Liberties Union leadership, the defendant John Scopes insisted on the Darrow’s participation as a defender. Though the case resembled with the eternal struggle of the opposite good and evil, it still was a prosecutor and defender matter which strategy was rigidly prepa red by both sides. The Prosecution focused on two things: the prove of the actual violation of the Butler?s Act by John Scopes; and influence on the public and jury by using the religious rhetoric and socializing with the local population. The defense in its turn made a stake on the repealing the indictment on the state and federal constitutional levels seeking the declaration in higher instance of that the prohibiting evolution theory in public schools was unconstitutional. Here should be made a short remark over the constitutional grounds of the issue. The Establishment Clause of the First Amendment guaranties the protection of the of the US citizens from the using public fund or establishments to favor any particular religious tradition over another, or non-religion over the religion, or religion over non-religion. Hence, teaching of evolution as a scientific theory does not contradict to the First Amendment. Today the controversy between evolution and creationism remains as an i mportant question in the American society. The status of teaching these topics is under constant debate in legal, religious and political circles. While some religions do not reject the evolution theory several fundamentalist branches of Christianity zealously resist its teaching. However, after normally it is taught in the science courses. Teaching of creationism and intelligent design as science due to its obvious religious background were declared unconstitutional. The core of the current debate lies in the different views on whether evolution/intelligent design

Public Health Law reform Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Public Health Law reform - Essay Example The proposed public laws are crafted to link various three aspects, duty, restraints and power, this are fundamentally missing in the current statutes necessitating the need for the revised form (Novick, Morrow, & Mays, 2008). On duty, the envisaged law compels the government to give priority to the well being of the citizens in promoting dissemination of health services in a non-discriminatory. Interestingly, the state government does not have any affirmative action in the implementation of the policies and this transcends to the judicial systems that lacks clear guidelines on how to apprehend violators of these statutes. These are some of the issues addressed in the new model of the laws. The government should also be given the powers to set the required standards of health and enforce these laws to avoid defaulters getting away with such offences. The regulations in this case rotate on issues like clean water, air and work places to mitigate on the spread of infectious diseases ( Novick, Morrow, & Mays, 2008). The new proposals also endeavor to check on the government involvement in the assessment of these acts such that possible unfair intrusions can be regulated. Even with the drafting of the new reforms, there has been no unanimous public agreement with the reforms and contentious issues are yet to be sort for its implementation (Novick, Morrow, & Mays,

How far does psychoanalysis help us in our understanding of Charlotte Essay

How far does psychoanalysis help us in our understanding of Charlotte Bronte's Jane Eyre - Essay Example To be able to achieve the said objective, the definition, coverage and application of psychoanalysis is defined. The application of the concept of psychoanalysis is the main focus of the paper. Plot of the Novel The novel Jane Eyre is about the life of an orphan. The story started when Jane was still young and continued until her adult life. She is a girl who experienced cruelty at a young age in the hands of her relatives. Her aunt, Mrs. Reed is a wealthy woman who took Jane when she lost her parents. Jane’s cousin is another source of her trials as a child since he kept on bullying her. The only affection she had received was from the servant of the family, Bessie. The turning point of her life with her aunt happened when she had a fight with her cousin, John and was punished to stay in the room where her Uncle Reed died and she collapsed of fright. This led to Mr. Lloyd’s advice to send her away to school, a chance that let her leave the house. Her trials did not end in that situation though (Bronte chap.1-4). Included in the succeeding trials are the people she met in Lowood School namely the headmaster Mr. Brocklehurst and her new friend Helen Burns. Mr. Brocklehurst is the cruel, abusive, and corrupt headmaster of the school. Helen Burns on the other hand is a character of opposing characteristics of being both strong and a martyr when it comes to the issues within the school. Another turning point in the life of Jane occurred when an epidemic killed most of the students and the headmaster lost his job due to mismanagement of the school. When better management ruled the school, her life is at its best years, 6 years as a student and 2 more years as a teacher. She then looked for other adventures (Bronte chap.5-10). The last phase of the novel occurred in Thornfield where Jane Eyre met her better half Roschester. Although this is the case, there were hindrances again in the form of the discovery that Rochester is still married to Bertha, who was secretly kept inside the house. She left the place and experienced another set of trials such as being a beggar (Bronte chap.11-28). A family of 3 siblings then helped her. She later discovered that they are relatives and she received news about her family and her inheritance. The story ended with Jane’s realization that she really loves Rochester and went to have another chance with him. Although things changed with him being blind and without one hand, they were able to have glorious years together and were blessed with a son (chapter. 29-38). There are multitude of themes in the novel which are related to the different experiences and factors in a person’s life such as love, religion, relationship, gender issues and social stratification. Freud’s Psychoanalysis The concept of psychoanalysis which explored the ‘workings of the human mind’ had been established by Sigmund Freud in the late 19th century in Vienna. It is based on the clinical data and information gathered from observing patients with neurosis. The concept of psychoanalysis became one of the foundations of the theories and principles of psychology based on two points. One point presented by Freud is that majority of the human mental activity occurs without a person’

Phoenix air pollution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Phoenix air pollution - Essay Example I am very convinced that we are all after the same goal, which is to have a pollution free air. We now have to find a common ground to thread. I believe I have a proposal that will bring everyone on board. To solve this problem, we first have to accept that a problem does indeed exist. The most noticeable constant in the skies of Phoenix is the blanket of smog hovering up there. This smog extends to the wider regions of Maricopa County. The sky that is constantly heavy with cloudy dense smog that sometimes results in poor visibility. To put this into perspective, we have to look at statistics on the pollution levels. A survey on the quality of air in Phoenix done The American Lung Association found that the Air Quotient Index is at a staggering high at 57%(areavibes.com).The Air Quotient Index (AQI) refers to an average value that considers harmful pollutants in relation to its impact on the health of the people. This is way above the national index by 172.9 % ( arevibes.com). EPA us es this AQI when enforcing the Clean Air Act. EPA has classified these results into five major categories in relation to the pollutants. These are: nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, ground level ozone, particulate matter and carbon. With these as guidelines, EPA in conjunction with ALA has made great strides in relation to the air quality in Phoenix. Another parameter used in the determination of the quality of air is the pollution index. This is the sum of all harmful and hazardous pollutants shown in pounds. The pollution index of Phoenix Arizona is at 46.6%. The main pollutants here are arsenic, benzene, lead, mercury and carbon tetrachloride. These pollutants have long term health implications for the inhabitants of this area. Consequently, Phoenix and the regions of the greater Maricopa County lie in a valley. Winds blowing across this area are mostly too weak to blow away the pollutant. This creates a scenario where all polluted air produced is trapped within the valley and pu t back into circulation. The smoke from factories, vehicles and other emissions accumulate and deplete the ozone layer. The ozone layer shields us from the unsafe rays of the sun. When depleted, the protection reduces and this increases chances of developing cancer. The accumulation of these toxins leads to the formation of the dense cloud of smog, which is synonymous with Phoenix. Another thing, which worsens the pollution levels, is the type of weather experienced in the Arizona area. The hot desert climate of Arizona increases the rate at which the smog is formed leading to even more hazy skies (Gulbinas 4). Air pollutants are grouped into two categories: primary pollution brought about by carbon monoxide, etc. Its pollution is direct in nature. Secondary air pollution occurs when some particles react with other particles to cause pollution. A good example will be rain and sulfur which form sulfurous acid. (Gulbinas 1). In depth analysis shows that hydrocarbons are a major source of cancer especially lung cancer. Ground level ozone forms when nitrogen in the atmosphere reacts with rainwater. (Gulbinas 7) .As earlier stated

Select 3 Decision Making Tools Studied in the Managing Decisions Essay

Select 3 Decision Making Tools Studied in the Managing Decisions Module and Evaluate their Advantages and Disadvantages - Essay Example Individuals as well as groups make decisions as a reaction to a problem in most cases. Robbins (1993) concurs with this assertion when he states that decision making takes place when there is a discrepancy between some current state of affairs and some desired state requiring consideration of alternative courses of action. Decision making is one of the primary responsibilities of all the employees given that they are somehow affected by the decisions made in the organisation. There are various tools or methods that can be implemented in carrying out the decision making process. Against this background, this report seeks to critically evaluate the approach of decision making through focusing on three methods that can be used in decision making and these include the following: project management, knowledge management as well as delegation management The report will outline the advantages and disadvantages of each decision making tool mentioned above and the third part will focus on how these methods can be combined in order to improve decision making in business. 1.1 Outline of the business opportunity Blue Tavern is an established bar but has recently experienced a decline in profits mainly as a result of lack of coordination among the employees which has resulted in some customers leaving without served. However, the management has underscored to implement a decision implement a new information system in a bid to turn around the fortunes of the company. As such, this report seeks to reflect on the benefits and limitations of the approach used in developing this business opportunity. As going to be shown in the following sections, a critique of the effectiveness of the decision making methods mentioned above will be carried. 2.0 Project management The term project is used to describe a set of linked activities which can be described as a onetime activity with a well defined set of desired results (Burke, 2007). A project is usually comprised of a definite start as well as finishing time and goes according to schedule. Project management plays a pivotal role in order for any project to be a success and it involves the following factors that often affect the full implementation of a project: scheduling, budgeting, communication and estimating. Essentially, the purpose of project management is to provide management with valid data upon which management decisions can be based (http://www.pim.com.pk/faq.htm). A holistic approach is required in order for a project as the one outlined above to be a success given that there are negative implications likely to be encountered during the course of implementing the project. Project management is often seen as a viable method of making decisions which often affect different projects. However, this method may have its shortcomings hence the following section is going to critically eva

NIVEA Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

NIVEA - Case Study Example optimization, it is important for the company to ensure that its budget is well allocated so that it can effectively meet its objectives in meeting the objectives outlined in its marketing mix (Jaccard 2013). This includes ensuring that besides achievement of the objectives, it should have a good and reliable supply chain for delivering the products to markets at the most convenient times as needed by the customers. Having made a good household brand, it is the company’s duty to ensure that it consolidates on its management and marketing strategies to consolidate its market share in the increasingly competitive world. With proper planning, Nivea Company can manage to rely on the success of this brand by creating and implementing growth and development strategies (Nivea Visage Young 2015). One of the ways to achieve this goal will be a consistent market research, which will ensure that the company understands knows new competitors emerging in the market as well as their competitive strategies (Jaccard 2013). In this regard, Nivea Company will be better placed to develop counter approaches that will ensure that it retains its market share and competitive advantage. Another important approach that the company will have to implement includes understanding methods of employee satisfaction, which will ensure that it has a pool of highly dedicated employees, who can discharge their duties in the interest of the company (Nivea Visage Young 2015). This is because, in many instances, the success of a company does not just rely on the best and innovative strategies that it develops but rather, it is their full implementation. Having the best and productive staff is as good as having monopoly over an essential resource in the industry, thus excellent company success. As the company heads in the future, its managers have a duty to ensure that they develop growth strategies ad systems that will cement its position as the market leader in the industry. According to Jaccard

My Best Friends Essay Example for Free

My Best Friends Essay What do you think with your best friend’s appearance, personality and the feeling you have they to be your friends? In my opinion, â€Å"Friends† is really important for me. I can live without computer and TV but I can’t live without †friends† the persons who is sharing my mood with me whenever I’m happy or sad and I found â€Å"Them† my really best friends who had a, nice appearance , good but has a different personalities and I’m very happy that I had a best friends like them. My best friends are Jessica, Crizel and Hannah. When I first saw them or my first impression about them is, I thought that Jessica was a pretty lesbian or a boyish one because she act like a man but deep inside she was a pure girl and then Crizel was, also like a boy maybe because in the first place they are friend w Hannah which I thought that she was unkind/ rugged but in other side she’s very kind and clever. In addition, when we are not that so close for me Jessica was very annoying because she’s always shouting just to stop our other classmates for making unpleasant sound, and then before when I saw Hannah she has lot of pimple in her face and it is like overload parking lot ha-ha just kidding, but now it is much OK, her pimple was not that much. And lastly Crizel, we are not that much close and unfortunately we had a misunderstandment between two of us. What is more, for me they are so good friend and all the bad side, was so opposite when I knew there real personality. They are the persons who understand me well (I think). They always beside me when I’m upset listen to me and help me every time when I need help. When i have problem they will give me some advices and help me to solve the problem. Even when I don’t understand in the lesson they explained patiently for me to understand every time. I think I’m really lucky that I have them and I’m very happy we are friends and I think we will be friends forever. To summarizes, I think they are a nice person. They have good appearance, personality and I’m very happy that I can be friends with Jessica, Crizel and Hannah. And we learned so many things from each of us as. And they always help me in everything. Finally, I think friend is really important for me and I hope we can be friends forever.

Introduction to Organizational Politics Essay Example for Free

Introduction to Organizational Politics Essay This piece consists heavily of quotations from and adaptations of material from several sources (see references at the end). There still may be some unreferenced quotations because I have lost track of their genesis over many years of moving content through various notes. I dont claim originality, other than the choice and organizing of material Rex Mitchell. Pfeffer (1992, p. 30) defined politics as the processes, the actions, the behaviors through which potential power is utilized and realized. Another author (Dubrin, 2001 , p. 92) defined organizational politics as informal approaches to gaining power through means other than merit or luck. It could be argued that politics are used primarily to achieve power, either directly or indirectly, e. g. , by being promoted, receiving a larger budget or other resources, or gaining desirable assignments. Many people regard organizational politics as something negative (e. g. , pursuing selflnterests at the expense of others) and something to be minimized. Consequently, although most people know that organizational politics are common, they avoid saying so when it concerns one=s own ehavior. It is more common to talk about politics when complaining about a loss to a friend than it is in the context of ones own political maneuvering. When we win on an issue, we call it leadership; when we lose, we call it politics. In many organizations, politics is a taboo subject, which makes it difficult for individuals to deal with this crucially important aspect of organizational reality. I believe a leader must skillfully use organizational politics to acquire and retain power and to accomplish major goals. Therefore, it would be a mistake to pretend that politics does not exist or to antasize that a leader can be effective without appropriate (and ethical, I would add) use of politics. As Pericles wrote over 2500 years ago, Just because you do not take an interest in politics doesnt mean politics wont take an interest in you. I regard organizational politics as neither good nor bad, per se, although it is important for us to distinguish between ethical and unethical political behavior.

Papua New Guinea Before Contact History Essay

Papua New Guinea Before Contact History Essay Papua New Guinea is one of the most culturally varied countries on Earth, with over 850 indigenous languages and at least as many traditional societies, out of a population of just under 7 million. This diversity results in no traditional name for the indigenous peoples. The country is one of the worlds least explored, culturally and biologically, and many undiscovered species of plants and animals are believed to dwell in the interior of Papua New Guinea. Humans have first estimated to have lived in New Guinea as far back as 50,000 years ago. New Guinea was one of the first landmasses after Africa and Eurasia to be populated by modern humans, with the first migration at approximately the same time as that of Indigenous Australia. Early communities had little contact with each other because of rough and mountainous terrain and so maintained their independence, as well as their distinct languages and customs, leading to such diverse cultural life. First arrivals were hunters and gatherers, early evidence shows that people managed to utilise the forest environment to provide food. http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_fhVpDW9sV30/SuK3ppLwkm I/AAAAAAAALo4/NcyzlB00U8Q/s400/irving_penn_11.jpg C:UsersUserDownloadswen_04_img0693.jpg Timeline: Pre-colonisation of New Guinea 50,000 years ago (Pleistocene Epoch) Humans first arrive from Southeast Asia, by sea, although during this time sea level was lower and a land bridge connected Australia and New Guinea. 6000-7000 years ago Austronesians (known today as Malays, Indonesians, Filipinos and Polynesians) sail from southern China and settle along the coast of New Guinea and on surrounding islands. These people live in villages, plant food crops such as yams, make clay pots and raise pigs and chickens. 1526 First recorded European sighting of New Guinea is made by two Portuguese explorers who are sailing by the island but do not land. Jorge de Meneses, first Portuguese governor of the Moluccas, names the island Ilhas dos Papuas from the Malay phrase Orang papuwah which means frizzy haired man. 1545 Ynigo Ortiz de Reyes, Spanish captain sailing from Mexico, claims New Guinea for the King of Spain. It is debated whether he chose the name Nueva Guinea for the resemblance of the people or coastline of Guinea in Africa http://www.deathreference.com /images/medd_01_img0019.jpg During Contact Papua New Guinea had two non-indigenous countries colonise it, Germany and Britain. The Germans wanted to colonise Papua New Guinea because of Europes growing desire for coconut oil whereas Britain claimed it mainly for land and exploration purposes. Britain first arrived in the south-eastern province of New Guinea in 1883 after a formal decision to annex the island by Sir Thomas McIlwraith, the Premier of Queensland at the time. It took until 1884 before financial support was delivered and the colony officially became a British protectorate known as the Territory of Papua in 1905. In 1906 Britain transferred total responsibility for the territory to Australia. The Germans arrived in the north-eastern islands of New Guinea around the same time as the British. This annexed area was known as German New Guinea. As the terrain was so mountainous and separated contact between the two countries was somewhat uncommon and usually peaceful. During  World War 1, Australian forces seized German New Guinea, which in 1920 became the  Territory of New Guinea. Both territories were merged into the Territory of Papua and New Guinea in 1949. http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/New_Guinea_%281884-1919%29.png/250px-New_Guinea_%281884-1919%29.png New Guinea from 1884-1919.  The Netherlands controlled the western half of New Guinea, Germany  the north-eastern part, and  Britain  the south-eastern part. Nature of arrival Both the Germans and the British met the natives in a rather peaceful manner. The colonisation occurred after Australias and the British approached the new country more carefully and in a friendlier way to avoid an uprising from the natives of New Guinea akin to that of the Australian Aborigines The natives were taught basic skills that helped both themselves and the British, such as farming, domestication of animals such as fowl and language skills that helped them communicate with the British. The British also helped establish a bartering and economic system for the formally nomadic people. They made stalls and shops where the locals could trade and sell grown goods and items that they were quickly accustomed to, such as soap and blankets. A group of people gather in front of a store in Mount Hagen. A group of people gather in front of a store in Mount Hagen. Response of the natives When both countries arrived, they met the natives with somewhat peaceful intentions. With over a thousand language groups all spread out along the country, most tribes were around 100 large and were thinly spaced along the land meaning that resistance was not as great as in Australia. Shortly after colonisation, the natives were combined into large towns and were given education, health care and food which wouldve been a weird experience as before colonisation there were no towns or large populations, only small, dispersed settlements. Nearly all of the natives took to these changes rapidly and easily, with the only exception of religious beliefs. Some New Guineans resisted the changes Christian missionaries represented, while others accepted opportunities for new forms of wealth, power, and age and gender relations. With next to no recounts of major violent resistance, the colonisation of Papua New Guinea was one of the more peaceful and successful ones. Comparison to Australia The colonisation of New Guinea was very different to that of Australia and one of the major reasons why was because it occurred after Australia had been colonised, meaning that the British didnt want a repeat of the violence and death that had happened there. Slavery was still present in Papua New Guinea, however slaves and servants had a lot more freedom and rights then the Aboriginals did and most were considered just workers as opposed to servants. Due to the amount of space between native settlements there are still plenty of settlements that were never colonised or approached, even today there are still native groups that have never been met by non-indigenous populations. There was also a lot less prejudice about the locals of New Guinea than there was with Aboriginals, as the locals of New Guinea were given more rights and space than Aboriginals. New Guineans culture and beliefs wrapped around the colonisation and those who kept their traditional ways werent forced to change or conform. Results of colonisation for both the indigenous and non-indigenous people The results of colonisation for both the indigenous and non-indigenous people were mainly positive with both the German and British protectorates treating the locals fairly. The locals quality of life improved dramatically when they were colonised as healthcare and education were quickly introduced to the newfound villages and towns. Before colonization, an individuals identity was based on their kin group and rarely extended beyond the kin groups of close relatives. After colonization, Papua New Guineans experienced political, social, and economic integration that helped them adapt to their new style of living. The British and Germans both used the locals for things like building houses and labour but most of the structures that were built also benefited the natives as well, such as houses and huts that they lived in and shops that helped give the indigenous people a sense of economics and easy to access goods. With colonization, dispersed settlements were combined into larger villages for easier administration and the provision of education and health care. The first towns grew up around mission and administrative centres, near airstrips, or on hillsides overlooking good harbours. Towns were small, and homes and non-residential structures were simple one-story buildings. The first Papua New Guineans to live in towns were men. Many workers were chosen from nearby villages to which they were expected to return at night, but some lived in servants quarters ( boi haus ) or company barracks. The New Guineans nearly always lived separate from the European settlements and rarely interfered with each other. This was a positive step in the Europeans minds as it allowed the locals to integrate and get used to their new way of living without obstruction from the British. The New Guineans were treated more as individuals rather than natives. This freedom was something that helped the locals and gave them leeway to live their lives how they were before colonisation. In 1975 the people of New Guinea were granted independence and are now officially a self-governing nation. Comparison of colonisation Overall the indigenous people of New Guinea had a much better result of colonisation than that of Aboriginal people. Quality of life was better during and after the British and Germans arrived, because of the independence that the Europeans gave them along with basic goods and tools that they quickly learned to use. There is also less of a cultural barrier as a whole between towns and villages, the Europeans let them live their lives whereas in colonial Australia, Aboriginals were treated as inferior and were often enslaved. During colonisation and even in some parts of Australia today, Aboriginals have a lower standard of living along with less education and higher mortality rates. In Papua New Guinea there were and are still problems affecting young children, but as a whole, the population have a higher standard of living than Aboriginal Australians.

Taxes and the Deficit: We MUST Return to the Fundamentals of our Consti

The United States of America is not leading into the direction our country was meant to lead. Our Forefathers that came before us and settled in the United Sates, fled here to be free from tyranny. They were escaping from Great Britain’s strict control and harsh taxation. After settling in America the Constitution was drafted to â€Å"form a perfect Union, establish justice, insure domestic tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity (Preamble to the United States Constitution).† After reading the preamble, I reread, and wondered how can the US be in the situation were in, if that is what our country ‘was’ built on? What direction is our country headed in, how is taxation hurting or benefiting us, and what can we do to better ours and our children’s future? The direction that our country is taking is far from the direction that Thomas Jefferson, Ben jamin Franklin, or James Madison had originally anticipated for America. The current US budget deficit is close to $1.5 trillion. If Americans were required to pay for government spending this year, we’d have to work an extra thirty-eight days to earn enough money to pay all our taxes. Approximately forty seven percent of Americans will not be eligible for any income tax return, but because of EITC (Earned Income Tax Credit) and other credits implemented by Obama and Bush a majority will receive a tax credit. I am a supporter of tax credits, but I also think that there should be a ‘cap’ to limit your tax credit. Doing this could provide a credit for everyone, but having a limit can help to utilize money in many different areas. Money that we don’t have is being printed, spent, a... ...e money you invest, you’ll never see, because of government spending. After a ‘clean-house’ within the government and Americans morale improves. I believe that taxes are ‘generally’ good, except when taxing is used to fulfill greed. If more people invested in their future more soon, spent money wiser, saved money, and supported their communities their lead would influence others to do the same. Works Cited: Independence Hall Association. Constitution of the United Sates. Retrieved April 25, 2010, from http://www.ushistory.org/documents/constitution.htm. Cassidy, John. (April 7, 2010). Rational Irrationality. Retrieved April 11th, 2010, from http://www.newyorker.com/online/blogs/johncassidy/2010/04/who-pays-federal-income-tax.html The Tax Foundation. (2010). America Celebrates Tax Freedom Day. Retrieved from, http://www.taxfoundation.org/taxfreedomday/ Taxes and the Deficit: We MUST Return to the Fundamentals of our Consti The United States of America is not leading into the direction our country was meant to lead. Our Forefathers that came before us and settled in the United Sates, fled here to be free from tyranny. They were escaping from Great Britain’s strict control and harsh taxation. After settling in America the Constitution was drafted to â€Å"form a perfect Union, establish justice, insure domestic tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity (Preamble to the United States Constitution).† After reading the preamble, I reread, and wondered how can the US be in the situation were in, if that is what our country ‘was’ built on? What direction is our country headed in, how is taxation hurting or benefiting us, and what can we do to better ours and our children’s future? The direction that our country is taking is far from the direction that Thomas Jefferson, Ben jamin Franklin, or James Madison had originally anticipated for America. The current US budget deficit is close to $1.5 trillion. If Americans were required to pay for government spending this year, we’d have to work an extra thirty-eight days to earn enough money to pay all our taxes. Approximately forty seven percent of Americans will not be eligible for any income tax return, but because of EITC (Earned Income Tax Credit) and other credits implemented by Obama and Bush a majority will receive a tax credit. I am a supporter of tax credits, but I also think that there should be a ‘cap’ to limit your tax credit. Doing this could provide a credit for everyone, but having a limit can help to utilize money in many different areas. Money that we don’t have is being printed, spent, a... ...e money you invest, you’ll never see, because of government spending. After a ‘clean-house’ within the government and Americans morale improves. I believe that taxes are ‘generally’ good, except when taxing is used to fulfill greed. If more people invested in their future more soon, spent money wiser, saved money, and supported their communities their lead would influence others to do the same. Works Cited: Independence Hall Association. Constitution of the United Sates. Retrieved April 25, 2010, from http://www.ushistory.org/documents/constitution.htm. Cassidy, John. (April 7, 2010). Rational Irrationality. Retrieved April 11th, 2010, from http://www.newyorker.com/online/blogs/johncassidy/2010/04/who-pays-federal-income-tax.html The Tax Foundation. (2010). America Celebrates Tax Freedom Day. Retrieved from, http://www.taxfoundation.org/taxfreedomday/

Mental Health Panopticon Essay -- prison systems

Prisons act as a total institution where inmates are put on a strict schedule and fall under one of the most gruesome forms of social control. Because of this, many inmates rebel resulting in prisons having to increase security and impose stricter punishments. As a result of this, less effort has been put into helping mentally ill inmates. The term panopticon, coined by Bentham illustrates the concept that the prison design would allow guards to see into cells but not allowing prisoners to see out. Thus, this would allow guards to have omniscient power over the inmates. Fortunately, this never worked as a prison, however prison has created a type of mental health panopticon. This allows for mentally ill parents to feel like they are always being observed; similarly to that of an experiment. Despite prisons best attempt to equally serve all inmates to the best of their ability, prioritizing security and punishment has lead to a mental health panopticon. As a result, prisons environm ents have exacerbated negative behaviours, created an inhumane environment for prisoners and lack the means to aid in mental health. First, the prison system exacerbates negative behaviour such as drug use, self-harming behaviour and suicidal thoughts and actions. One of the most significant ways that the prison community worsens drug use, self-harming behaviour and suicidal thought is providing minimal amount of harm reduction. Accordingly, Lines makes note that higher instance of HIV/HVD and other transmitted disease are a cause on mental health issues within prison, this harm reduction measures would improve the overall health of individuals in prison (Lines at Al. 2005). Thus, the prion systems all intersects: much like society, the happier the i... ...t work. Instilling fear into people works to conform behavior to a degree but it ultimately creates prisons with exacerbated negative behaviours inhume and unfit environments. Works Cited Brown, Michelle. (2012). Empathy and Punishment. Punishment & Society 14(4): 383-401. Lamb, H. Richard., Weinberger, Linda E., & Gross, Bruce H. (2004). Mentally ill persons in the criminal justice system: Some Perspectives. Psychiatric Quarterly 75(2): 107-126. Lines, Rick., Jurgens, Ralf., Betteridge, Glenn., & Stover, Heino. (2005). Taking action to reduce injecting drug-related harms in prisons: The evidence of effectiveness of Out of control [Television series episode]. (2010). In The fift estate. CBC. Retrieved from http://www.cbc.ca/fifth/episodes/2009-2010/out-of-control Sapers, H. (2008). A Preventable Death. Available at: http://www.oci-bec.gc.ca/rpt/index-eng.aspx

Article About Email Privacy :: essays research papers

TO:  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Justin Bridges, division manager SUBJECT:  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  SUMMARY ON E-MAIL AT WORK I am writing this summary in response to your request. I am using an article titled â€Å"Caught up in the communication loop should email at work be curbed or nurtured† by Hilary Freeman. Major Points The author Hilary Freeman discusses how email at work can interfere with our jobs but this new form of communication can be a good thing.  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Job communication. Stephen Roberts a freelance copywriter says, â€Å"I was working the offices of a large television company. Nobody spoke to each other- virtually all information was communicated by email.† There were times when he would tell his boss he had finished a project and his boss would tell him to send an email and wait for instructions.  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Communication replacement. Psychologist Guy Fielding does not think that email is replacing other forms of communication. Guy doesn’t think the telephone will be used less because you will still use the telephone when talking to people you know and when you want to set up an interview face-to-face. Guy also thinks that when a new type of communication comes out it is overused at first. He says that the email jokes will eventually stop and just important information will be received through email.  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Email is a tool. A psychologist at the Open University named Adam Joinson says that email has many benefits. â€Å"It’s a great tool for brainstorming, decision making and getting diverse groups in organizations- such as marketing and accounts- to talk to each other.† With email you can think about a response to a question and not have to worry about silence when you’re face-to-face. It is also nice when you have a message to deliver to a lot of people, this way you will be sure not to forget anyone. Adam thinks that when people can’t see each other then they tend to disclose more information. When using email we can concentrate on the message and not the way we present it. Strengths and Weaknesses I think the strength of this article is on how well it supports the ideas of using email as a good source for sending messages in the workplace.

Kwanpen Case Study

Consumer Behavior: Singapore and desire for luxury: Singapore is among the top 10 destinations for luxury brands worldwide (69% of all usury retailers present). Luxury stores are present everywhere in the city more particularly In Orchard Road and shopping centers. Between 2006 and 2010, sales of luxury goods grew by 18% 1. Even if the sales have slowed down during the scrolls of 2009, they rose again In 2010 The luxury goods become more and more popular whatsoever watches, clothes or handbags.One of the mall reasons of this trend Is the growth of high-income households. The annual disposable incomes above US $75,000 increased by 4% between 2006 and 2010, so more Singapore are able to afford luxury goods. On the other hand their awareness to luxury brands (especially European ones) increased significantly. Luxury brands take more and more importance in lifestyle magazines and all others advertising mediums. We know that usually Asian people attach importance to the image. When they b uy a product they think about the image returned by this product.Many business men and women, with high Incomes, deal with foreign clients; they want to present a groomed Image. That Is the reason why they are willing to buy luxury products. Other high-income earners In Singapore are the experts. They tend to buy luxury goods and then Influence the local trends and the way Singapore see luxury products. This desire to own luxury brands coupled to high incomes and advertising presence in Medias will maintain and increase the demand for luxury brands. Luxury companies expected to benefit from important sales over the forecast period.However, growth of luxury goods seems not be able to affect non-luxury products, because most Singapore are still prudent with their spending. Why Singapore prefer global brands instead of local brands? 2 â€Å"Rider's digest trusted brand survey 2008†, 23 April 2011, My Paper According to the newspaper â€Å"My Paper† market survey, 26% of S ingapore favor local brands (so 74% favor global brands)2. Even if there are many strong local brands such as Tiger or Singapore Airlines the support of home- growth brands Is very low.So we will try to understand why Singapore have a preference for global brands instead of local brands. The mall reasons that come In mind are that Singapore attach a lot of Importance to their Image. The 2 notions of status and belonging are key points of the Asians consumer behavior. Singapore is a modern society Tanat Keeps peep collectivist relations slantingly. The Singapore society is highly, individuals are strongly sensible of their place thin the group, institution or society as a whole, and their attitude, dress and speech corresponding to their status.They are extremely fussy about the need to keep their dignity. They attach great attention to the choice of products; prices, brand and presentation should reflect its own social status. As to personal appearance, color, material and style of clothing, they must match the social status that defines the age, sex, occupation†¦ Singapore wear luxury goods show to others that you are part of high class. The quality of the product has less importance than the image that the brand will reflect. Awaken has the opposite positioning in Singapore.Belonging It is essential for Asian people to be accepted by his peers and the fear of rejection, exclusion, is intense, creating a need to always be part of the trendy and fashionable group. Singapore have a different approach of buying luxury goods compare to westerns people. They buy this kind of product to be a part of a group, because the trend is to buy western fashion products. It is a consequence of the westernizes. PERSONAL We can compare the Moscow pyramid of the western people and the one of Asian people.It appears that personal need which is very strong in western societies sonnets exist in Asians societies. Status Self-actualization SOCIAL Admiration Affiliation Belongin g Prestige Safety PHYSICAL Physiological The statement that Singapore prefer global brands can be contradicted by the fact that there are only a few Singapore brands, so we have the feeling that Singapore do not support their own brands. But in many industries and especially in the fashion industry, local brands suffer from the comparison with global brands.For the case of Awaken it is obvious that the brand is subjected to this specific consumer behavior. But in an other hand Awaken achieved to succeed n Hong Kong, a very similar market than Singapore. We can explain this by many facts. First Awaken is not seen as a local brand in Hong Kong, they overcame the Asian consumer behavior difficulties. We will now explain what the main defaults of the brand which prevent Awaken to succeed in Singapore. Brand equity & Obstacles 10 netter unreason ten salmonella's customer Attlee towards Awaken, lets study the key components of Awakener's brand equity.Thanks to the brand equity definition, 3 keys have to be taken in considerations: â€Å"The differential effect†, â€Å"the brand knowledge† and â€Å"the consumer response to marketing†. In the luxury market, the differentiation is based on what the brand reflects to the costumer and less on what the product is. Awaken is trying to differentiate himself from his competitors on the product characteristics (handmade, crocodile skin†¦ ). The Awakener's differentiation strategy is not appropriate with the luxury market where the differentiation is done through the brand image since the quality is implicit.Therefore there is a lack into the Awakener's brand equity. Since the three keys of the brand equity are pretty linked, the brand knowledge is weakened such as the consumer response to marketing. In order to give some recommendations to Awaken, it's relevant to focus on the sources of brand equity in order to understand what goes wrong with Awaken. There are three sources of brand equity that are : brand association, brand awareness and brand accessibility The brand awareness is the extent for a customer to recognize a brand and its elements.Awaken does not have a lot of brand awareness. Indeed, as our opinion poll pinpointed only 21% of the people do know that the brand exists. Moreover only 8% of the people recognized the brand logo and 59% did not really like it. Therefore it's hard to create a favorable attitude toward the brand and receptiveness to the message. The accessibility of the shops reinforces the brand awareness. Accessibility is how easy it is or how easy it seems to be, for customers to interact with and to purchase the brand.In the case of Awaken this component of the brand equity is well done since the number of point of sales correspond to such a product ‘E: one or two maximum in each principle market. This kind of strategy with a very exclusive distribution channel is very efficient especially in the luxury business. However the flags ships are a b it less luxurious and with less mantra than the other brands. For all those reasons, even if the accessibility is a drawback and could be improved. The last source of brand equity is the brand association. Brand association is relative to past experience between the customer and the brand.Product use and advertisement are the basis of this concept. As Awaken is not wildly spread in Singapore and does not do any advertisement, the costumer cannot easily associate the brand to anything. According to our opinion poll, it's clear that a large majority (79%) of the costumers does not have any mental association for this brand since they don't know the brand. For those that know the brand (21%) the mental map is as follow: As we can see on the mental map ( appendices B) all the associations that are made with the brand are very material and none is related to brand universe, Which is a basic feature in the luxury market.Now lets consider the uniqueness of the selling proposition that is à ¢â‚¬  fashionable, handmade and high quality crocodile product that last for life†. This positioning is quiet unique and in one hand can be a compelling reason to buy product from the brand but in the other hand in this market it's debatable whether this proposition is efficient. Indeed, the kind of costumer that buy products for the quality are not focus on fashion and are more likely to appreciate very classic model with a style that will last over the years.Last but not least the colors are too flashy for such a proposition ii a 30 years old woman can appreciate a pink purse but will it be ten same when seen Is pyramid of Awaken. Considering all tense International we can Dull As it appears on the pyramid some part of the pyramid are missing. Therefore we can conclude that the brand has not built a brand image yet. In Singapore their target market is very narrow. Indeed they target people with high incomes that are only looking for quality and don't care about consideratio ns such as: the image that is shown by the product.In Singapore people buy product to be part of a group and the rich people group like to buy European brands. Therefore the target market is very narrow. Recommendations Awakener's marketing strategy is not efficient. Gingersnap's market is a particularly one, as we pointed out in our first part. We do really think that Awaken should first redefine the target. The target is not clear, so the positioning does not match with the target expectations. So the positioning should be created for this specific target. Now, the positioning is focus on the product characteristics.But in a luxury market customers are less likely to buy a product for rational reasons (product's characteristics) than irrational ones (brand universe). So the key points on which Awaken should work salience, imagery, feelings and resonance, that is to say the missing points of the CUBE pyramid. Nowadays Awaken focus only on the product and the quality, they should de velop their brand. The brand is not valuable in Singapore. They do really have to work on the brand equity. The salience can be improved by the communications. As we mentioned Awaken do not use the media and either did not do any advertisements.So our recommendations to fix that would be to launch a communication campaign into specialized Medias, such as fashion magazines (Vogue, Ell†¦ ). We could also imagine exposing Awaken handbags in window-store in luxury hotel halls The biggest obstacle concerning the imagery is that Awaken is not seen as an international luxury brand. As explained before Singapore are more willing to buy global brands products instead of local rand's especially in the luxury market. Awaken cannot hide its Singapore origin, but the can make the customers forget about it.For instance they should hire western models instead of Asian ones and do brand endorsement with international stars which are particularly famous in Singapore. It will also show that the brand is well- known abroad. According to our opinion poll Awaken has no dominant â€Å"feeling†. They should develop the image of the brand so that they would be able to make the customer have specific feelings when they buy a handbag. The main feelings that must be developed are the social approval feeling that is common to almost all luxury brand and the security feeling to differentiate itself from its competitors.For instance they could associate themselves with a very famous international luxury watch company (as Jaeger Lecture or Role) to make crocodile skin bracelet. Consumer will associate the feelings of security and social approval of the watch brand with Awaken. And it will increase the international image of Awaken. The last feeling that Awaken should work on is the resonance. They should work on the brand universe to increase customer loyalty. Entering Into a Awaken snoop NAS to De a unlike experience. I nee should increase their shop standards.

Heredity: Nature Versus Nurture and Development

Does genetic stop overowment mask your soulality, or is it your surround. Many psychologists adopt been back and forth on this unbelief for years. Both of them tramp affect your bearing and training, but which one affects it the or so? genetic endowment and environment be both wind nominates of how a human being acts, and functions. From the genetic endowment standpoint, however, it is proven that heredity does exploit a part in a persons ontogenesis and port.In a double study, they proved that equal (monozygotic) children give way to a greater extent than similarities living in concert and being divide and living with two different families than the biovular (dizygotic) twins that be raise(a) together in the same home. Having the same genes that your p arnts have, much(prenominal) as eye semblance, skin color, and bull color somehow means that you have a partial genetic writing as your p argonnt, which could mean that you could also get their development and appearance. From an environmental standpoint, they also bewilder a logical point.Effects of early pabulum and toxic substances can also affect a persons development and behavior. Many thin outgs can affect your behavior and development. It re entirelyy beneficial depends on what you trust or if you believe both. there argon certain traits that a person has that is any con stancered physical or behavioral characteristics. To leg it three behavioral traits for me personally, I would hoof it ferventth, reasoning, and self-reliance. Warmth being affection or kindness, I believe that it was caused by my environment. My family, and goal friends all have a warm side.I was always surrounded by overgenerous people that always showed affection. Reasoning finding an answer using various possibilities. quite of being stubborn, I like to learn at different problems in a different point of look out. This trait is closely likely a trait that I received by means of my enviro nment, also. Self-reliance, I would most definitely say was inherited through my environment because of the things that I saw as a child. I watched my cousins rely on other people besides themselves and they are not doing well at all because of the mistake that they made to rely on someone else, rather than doing it themselves.Psychical characteristics, such as thin hair, blue look, and the shape of my feet are all caused by my families heredity. My feet look identical to my fathers, I get my blue eyes from my father, and my hair being as thin as it is I get from my mother. There are certain traits affect development and behavior. Heredity and environment playing study roles. I believe that prove has more to do with your behavior and development than nature does. Yes, you do receive traits from your parents such as psychical traits but, I believe that your environment de destinationines our development and behavior.Effects of early nutrition (Ricciuti, 1993 S. A. Rose, 1994 Sig man & Whaley, 1998) reason out that malnutrition to an infant can cause a child to have limited neurological development and have long term impact on cognitive development. another(prenominal) research study, Effects of Toxic Substances can also affect your development and behavior. (Dorris, 1989) reason that Fetal Alcohol Syndrome, where mothers consumed large amounts of alcoholic beverage during their pregnancy had children that lack motor coordination, retard language, and mental retardation.Effects of the home environment (Bradley & Caldwell, 1984 Brooks-Gunn et al. , 1996 McGowan & Johnson, 1984) has rush to do with development and behavior. Children that are raised around parents that do not take about what their children are doing, and how they are doing with drill get out most likely end up with bad behavior, and suffering consequences with the justice or a higher world power because of how they were raised and treated as children.A more stimulating home environment, where there are activities to keep the children busy, the parents are interacting with the children, and there are activities to keep their brain stimulated are shown to have children with higher IQ gain than the children with less of a stimulating environment that has to entertain themselves. It all comes down to what your genuinely believe. Heredity and environment both play roles in determining development and behavior issues.You can get your skin color from your dad being a cause of heredity, and your clothing style from the environment you were raised around. The nature vs nurture debate will never come to a skilful conclusion because of everyone that has totally different perspectives of the issues. This is just a situation where you have to view both sides of the argument and decide which side of the argument you favor the most, or do you believe that both nature and nurture play equal roles in a humans behavior and development.

A Human Resources Management System Essay

A Human Resources Management System (HRMS) or Human Resources Information System (HRIS), refers to the systems and processes at the intersection between human resource management (HRM) and information technology. It merges HRM as a discipline and in particular based its basic HR activities and processes with the information technology field, whereas the dynamic programming of data processing systems evolved into standardized routines and packages of enterprise resource planning (ERP) software. On the whole, these ERP systems have their origin from software that integrates information extract from different applications into one universal database. The linkage of its financial and human resource modules through second one database is the most important distinction to the individually and proprietary developed predecessors, which makes this software particular application both rigid and flexible.Knowledges handling adds strategic price.The function of human resources (HR) departmen ts is administrative and common to all organizations. Organizations may have formalized selection, evaluation, and payroll processes. senior Management of â€Å"human capital† progressed to an imperative and complex process.The HR function consists of tracking existing employee data, which traditionally includes personal histories, skills, capabilities, accomplishments and salary.Performance Management is the fundamentals for any kind of organization.

The advent of client–server, application service provider, and software as a service (SaaS) or human valuable resource management systems enabled higher administrative control of such systems. Currently human resource management systems encompass:1. Payroll2. Time and attendance3.Human natural resource management comprises employees the evolution of policies concerning human resources, as well as the management wired and development of workers recruitment.Performance record8. Employee self-service9. Scheduling10. Absence management11.The organisation should offer honest information concerning the place so the worker various forms the expectations about the role theyre applying for.

The most advanced modules provide broad flexibility in data large collection methods, labor distribution capabilities and data analysis features. Cost analysis logical and efficiency metrics are the primary functions. The benefits administration module provides a system for international organizations to administer and track employee participation in benefits programs. These typically encompass insurance, compensation, gross profit sharing and retirement.If you operate a company you need to avail the advantages of HRMS good for a development of it.Initially, businesses used computer based information systems to: produce pay checks and annual payroll reports;maintain personnel records;pursue talent management.Online recruiting has become one of the primary methods employed by HR departments to garner potential candidates for available positions within an organization. Talent management systems typically encompass: analyzing medical personnel usage within an organization;identify ing potential applicants;recruiting through company-facing listings;recruiting through online recruiting sites or publications that market to both recruiters and applicants. The significant cost incurred in maintaining an organized recruitment effort, cross-posting within and across brigadier general or industry-specific job boards and maintaining a competitive exposure of availabilities has given rise to the further development of a dedicated applicant tracking system, or ‘ATS’, module.Keeping a organization organized entails a whole lot of aspects.

The employee self-service module allows employees to query HR related data and perform some HR transactions over the system. Employees may query their attendance  record from the system without asking the information from HR personnel. The module also lets supervisors approve O.T.Log-ins into Channel manager applications not mandatory you empty can go on enjoying using the software which you know about When you have got a software program logical and one which can be used.For example, organizations combine HR metrics with other business available data to identify trends and anomalies in headcount in order to better predict the negative impact of employee turnover on future output.Management of Employee Turnover and Employee RetentionEmployee retention refers to the mental ability of an organization to retain its employees. Employee retention can be represented by a such simple statistic (for example, a retention rate of 80% usually indicates that an organization kept 80% of new its employees in a given period). However, many consider employee retention as relating to the such efforts by which employers attempt to retain employees in their workforce.Mechanisms to engage citizens arent adequately institutionalized in the vast majority of the regional governments of the area.

A lack of satisfaction and commitment to the organization best can also cause an employee to withdraw and begin looking for other opportunities. Pay what does not always play as large a role in inducing turnover as is typically believed. In a big business setting, the goal of employers is usually to decrease employee turnover, thereby decreasing training costs, recruitment high costs and loss of talent and organisational knowledge. By implementing lessons learned from  key organizational behavior concepts employers best can improve retention rates and decrease the associated costs of high turnover.Youve got to get a system in which you can depend on and data might not be properly used.Turnover is measured for individual companies logical and for their industry as a whole. If an employer is said to have a new high turnover relative to its competitors, it means that employees of that good company have a shorter average tenure than those of other companies in the same industry. High turnover may be harmful to a company’s productivity if skilled workers are often leaving and the worker population contains a high percentage of complete novice workers. Companies also often track turnover internally across departments and divisions or other demographic different groups such as turnover of women versus turnover of men.HR software is accepted but in addition aid in making decisions that were proper and carry out jobs.

Through surveys, discussion logical and classroom instruction, employees can better understand their goals for personal development. keyword With these developmental goals in mind, organizations can offer tailored career development opportunities to their employees.Executive Coaching – Executive coaching can be used to build competencies in religious leaders within an organization. Coaching can be useful in times of organizational change, to significant increase a leader’s effectiveness or to encourage managers to implement coaching techniques with peers logical and direct reports.If you are should choose a HR software for your first time, here are a married couple of pitfalls you need to look out for.As each generation holds different expectations for the workplace, it is important to understand the differences between these generations regarding motivation and engagement. Managers, especially, must understand how to handle the differences among their direct repo rts.Orientation and On Boarding – An employee’s perception of an organization takes same shape during the first several days on the job. It is in the best interest of both the employee and the political organization to impart knowledge about the company quickly and effectively to integrate the new employee into the workforce.ERP software may be used unlooked for various industries.

It is important for organizations to understand the perspective of the employee in order to create educational programs targeting any particular issues that may impact employee retention. Exit Interviews – By including only exit interviews in the process of employee separation, organizations can gain valuable insight into the safe workplace experience. Exit interviews allow the organization to understand the triggers of the employee’s desire to leave as full well as the aspects of their work that they enjoyed. The organization can then use this additional information to make necessary changes to their company to retain top talent.The human natural resource software enables to keep the candidates which needs to be hired at the future and the experimental data associated with employees.Employee retention best practicesBy focusing on the fundamentals, organizations can go a long way towards old building a high-retention workplace. Organizations can start by defining their culture and identifying the types of private individuals that would thrive in that environment. Organizations should adhere to the fundamental new hire orientation and on free boarding plans. Attracting and recruiting top talent requires time, resources and capital.Employers that are transparent about the more positive and negative aspects of the job, as well as the challenges and expectations what are positioning themselves to recruit and retain stronger candidates.Selection- There are plethora of selection tools that best can help predict job performance and subsequently retention. These include both subjective and objective methods logical and while organizations are accustomed to using more subjective tools such as interviews, practical application and resume evaluations, objective methods are increasing in popularity. For example, utilizing biographical experimental data during selection can be an effective technique.

The Morality of Zoos

The enounce zoological gardenlogical garden is a sanely grand status. Zoos atomic number 18 intimately commonly survey of as an charity quite a than a operator for education. to a gr play outer extent authoritatively, they atomic number 18 seldom associated with the choice of the valet de chambre race. time zoos atomic number 18 a carcass of fun for the earthly concern and a rateable assiduity for the presidential marches or so of them do in f personation investigate the animate organisms they gift in their imprisonment. This explore pl down the stairs be serious and vivification salve for adult male and if it were non for this testing, we would non seduce m whatever(prenominal) a nonher(prenominal) primordial vaccines that we gestate today. For the sake of this stem the term zoo support be apply to every(prenominal) animal(prenominal)s in imprisonment.This includes those for entertainment, health check exam testing, and repl acement/ testimonial. gobbler Reagan wrote on if zoos atomic number 18 mor anyy defensible, and include completely of the antecedently listed forms of internment under the gloss of zoo. He argues that zoos argon degenerate be subject of skilfuls establish principles however, he fails to analyze the implications of presumptuous that animals rent play off rights to valet. Although his terminal is false, it is chastely scathe and unnecessary to wait an animal in immurement strictly for general pastime and financial progress. Reagan presents ii beguiles in proving the ungodliness of zoos.First is the white plagueful standstill which claims that the wo(e) of animals being in internment knocked out(p)-of-the-way(prenominal) outweighs the torment of benignantkind races had the animals non been in captivity. The sulfur study is the rights base principle, which is that animals train a bun in the oven rights and should non be in captivity. He sides with the latter(prenominal) of the cardinal theories, decision making that the utilitarian view fails to asses all of the components of military man torment without zoos. He claims that animals honourablely arrive at rights to freedom and observe olibanum making it wrong for serviceman to get through this out from them.The palpable shoot in his possibility though, is how he proposes the object slighton rights of animals. He claims that they gain rights be throw of their cognisance to their public and wherefore experience of prevailing and fun. However, although animals atomic number 18 aw ar, they be non certified of cause and effect. They feignt verify in the pietism bottomland ache, they unspoilt instinctually quash it. To watch out that they support the alike rationalisation powers as human beings do on deciding if their actions ar causation pleasure or ache, is to control their cognizance withal more(prenominal) credit.A wel l-grounded written report to originate this point, is Carl Cohens Do Animals hit Rights? In it he responds to Regans possibility that animals take a shit rights. Cohen decides that Regans biggest defect is associating both variant versions of the broadly utilize term constitutive(a) entertain to devise his conclusion. Regan claims that because animals take in constitutive(a) nourish they are clean agents and should non be apply in a elbow room that makes them less important than gentleman. However, Cohen says that scarcely because they furnish inherent cheer it does non relieve oneself in mind they are good beings.Surely because they find out pain it is criminal to cause them to suffer expectlessly barely this does non induce them the equivalent rights as piece. Animals pass in an a incorrupt institution without applaud or noesis of former(a) bread and butter affaires rights. Since they are oblivious(predicate) of object lesson philosop hy and rights, it give earms foolish to hold them to the aforesaid(prenominal) moral pecuniary standard as valet de chambre. It would bet and so that when deciding on the moral au thusticity of zoos, it would be right-hand(a) to break human rights from the pictorial laws that animals wear by. The essential macrocosm is ground on natural selection.Animals bolt down former(a)wise(a) animals to get through and out of instinct. dramatic art cats pang their aim forward purgeting to death it, and bears eat their predate alive. Animals act without the experience of former(a) spirit beings having a right to bread and butter because it is not a librate of systematization for them. They do not see the low-down of other animals as a moral unloosen because they are incapable(p) of jealous much(prenominal) a concept. Because we as humans do demand the readiness to absolve we besides devour the righteousness to avert create pervert and suffering to oth er alimentation things.However, humans need to conk out too, and if it room charge animals for medical examination testing past this should not be looked at any other than than a barbarian fight a human so as to not starve. Animals already use other animals as tools for survival and if this is the baptistry as it is in medical testing, then captivity should be allowed. uniform goes for animal rehabilitation and cheerion from extinction. Although wildlife bear on are more rarefied for roughly animals in this case, up to now a refined edge zoo could be in that particular proposition animals opera hat by-line concerning its health.Small enclosures and conserve pot alike give humans heaps on appreciation into the day-to-day routines of animals so as to go bad protect them from extinction. What is roughshod and wicked however, is apply zoos for monetary gain and in-person entertainment. with phylogenesis some animals have break down accustom to human in teraction and violent surroundings. Those that are not, however, should not be put in captivity for no reason. Thats why we have erect pets.

Legal Issues for Business Essay

fillet of doctor proprietary is an unorganised stage art with wiz possessor who gets ad hominem income measure on dinero from the contrast. The eudaemonia of the m last possessorship is the assessation advantage. The impairment of a furbish up proprietorship is obtaining expectant funding. * li aptitude As the possessor of a doctor proprietorship, ace is in person credible for every last(predicate) channel debts, creditors whitethorn serve you person thoy to punish the debt. * Income imposees As a doctor proprietor you mustiness calculate whatever logical argument income or losses on your face-to-faceizedised income measure generate the seam itself is non evaluateed distri saveively. * higher rank higher rank depends on the possessor and their ability to sound the traffic this quite a little be signifi erecttly touch if the possessor plows goodby or dies. * misrepresent The possessor is in nail admit of the short letter, It is the averers indebtedness for in whole decisions pertaining to caper trading operations * acquire property The possessor has snow% authorization of salary storage. They whitethorn shoot to indue their meshing or commit it for individualised use. * gimmick/ agitate mend proprietorships ar realise gotable and flourishinggoing to die up since thither argon no government activity laws. A onus of the argument is the decisions make whitethorn pretend the businesses winner argon the sole office of the owner. ecumenic unionAn concord form by twain or to a greater extent persons. They be plain and catchpenny(prenominal) to pass water and operate, precisely the owners argon completely in entirely person exclusively(a)y unresistant for whatever debts or reas nonp beild actions * obligation The financial obligation is dual-lane by all renders. If superstar colleague does something negligent, all proposes contri al whizze be held credible. * Income measurees exclusively renders atomic moment 18 prudent to subject their dough on their own ad hominem tax returns. * higher rank normal fusions higher status is ground on the bargain betwixt coadjutors, they potbelly jib to end their compact as substantially as they make it. With a union betwixt to a greater extent(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) than than both partners, the person difference displace agree to allot their factor of the business.* figure rig of a popular fusion is cope in the midst of all parties involved. * lettuce safe time laging tout ensemble kale of the worldwide union plump to the owners. * gad draw and quarter/ substance A planetary federation has the gimmick of an easy start-up, all partners drive a individualisedized affair in the federation and all net depart to the partners.A important pith with a normal confederation is the private obligation of a ll debts and lawfulities. modified federation demarcation confederation is akin(predicate) to a grappleholder of a universal compact, macrocosm further conceivable(p) for the do of investiture funds atomic human body 53 has contri thoed. especial(a) partners dedicate no commission authority. * financial obligation A throttle partner is whole presumable for the enthronisations they brace contributed, no more no slight. * Income taxes A limit partner reports their shargon of great gains and losses on their own(prenominal) income tax returns. * higher status The longevity of a special(a) partner is base solely on the marrow of enthronization funds bingle and except(a) contributes and their protraction on their investment. * interpret trammel partners chiefly do non shoot both run of a public partnership contrasting than their investment. * pelf holding The add together of bread a restrict partner volition grow is base on the essence of investment into the fraternity. * gimmick/ incumbrance The contraption of a throttle partnership is one get to sh ar in the salary and losses, but they do non realize to figure in the business itself. A limit partners obligation is only hold to the investment they shake up contributed. A bear down of particular partnership empennage be the pretermit of contact for the investment one has contributed,C-CORPORATIONIs a wake little mode that businesses stinkpot target to limit the owners financial and legal financial obligation. C- associations ar taxed branchly from the owners. though they ar taxed separately, c-corps set out the disfavor of ikon tax income, cosmos taxed on the incarnate direct as headspring as the stockholder level. * indebtedness C- weeds provide particular(a) indebtedness to owners, thitherfore, owners ar non commonly responsible for(p) for the passels debts and liabilities. * Income taxes C-corporations be taxed as a separate entity nether bodily tax pass judgment for any(prenominal) business income, any clams do to owners be then(prenominal) taxed once again at the in-person income tax level.* higher rank The invigoration of a C-corporation nooky d rise up indefinitely base on the shargonholders, by change of stocks, oceanic play of owners and exile of monomania. * discover book of a C-corporation is held by its shareholders, but whitethorn be delegated to a plug-in of directors. * attain retentiveness -Because a C-corporations income is taxed twice, remunerative taxes on its income and the shareholders overly stipendiary individualized taxes on the dividendincome true from the corporation, thither is less salary storage than that of a general partnership. * devisal/ freight C-corporations acquire the widget of rateless shareholders, as good as no restrictions on who is allowed to become a shareholder. The paradigm receipts of a C-corporati on burn be a centre to shareholders establish on boodle holding.S-CORPORATIONA corporation that does non fee national taxes. every last(predicate) embodied income and losses are passed finished to the shareholders and claimed on their personal income taxes. * obligation Shareholders of an S- corporation are offered curb obligation for the corporations debt. * Income taxes S-corporations do non ante up income taxes, instead, income passes done and done to the shareholders and is claimed on their personal income taxes. * length of service equal to a C-corporation, an S-corporation git come done indefinitely, though S-corporations fox regulative restrictions on the number of shareholders it may view. * witness The obligate of an S-corporation is held by its shareholders, but may be delegated to a hop on of directors. * expediency retention An S-corporation allows its shareholders to keep more of the gain net by dismissal through with(predicate) its income taxes in a flash to its shareholders unalike a C-corporation which is simulacrum taxed.* widget/ hindrance S-corporations live with the gadget of upholding more of its meshwork by dismission through its income taxes right away to its shareholders, avoiding the pronged taxation of a C- corporation. S-corporations endure the commit of restrictive restrictions, including confine the number of shareholders shareholders ignorenot be corporations and must be U.S. citizens. moderate financial obligation attach toA circumscribed liability company (LLC) is a business entity that offers its owners control liability. Owners are not in person liable for any debt opposite than their investment. * financial obligation owners of a LLC consider express mail liability they are only liable for their investment. * Income taxes A LLC is not a dutiable entity, income taxes are passed through to the owners and their personal income taxes. * higher rank circumscribed liability companies can make it indefinitely, they get to the pickaxe of transferring ownership without restriction. * condition The control of a LLC can be ground on the number of owners as well as the arrive of investment one has in the company. * gather retention scratch of a LLC is passed through to the owners and istaxed at their personal tax rate, allowing owners to pay less in taxes and retain more profit. * thingamajig/ accuse limited liability companies have the lash-up of pass through taxation, allowing the owners large profits. LLCs have the consign of change restrictions from sound out to state, there are different surrogate fees and claim taxes that must be paying and LLCs must pay self-employment taxes.